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Human settlements were present in the area since the Bronze Age (3rd-2nd millennium BC), and it was later probably settled by Sicels, Messapii and Iapyges.

Inhabited since the Palaeolithic, during the Bronze Age was inhabited by Messapi. With the installation of the nearby Greek colony of Taranto and Metaponto, this location was contended by the two major polis.

The city of ceramics

The name Grottaglie derives from the Latin Cryptae Aliae, meaning “many ravines”, which has been inhabited since the Palaeolithic Age.

Laterza has ancient historical roots as shown by the findings emerged from the work of excavation in 1965 in a necropolis dating back to 2000 BC at Candile .

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Leporano bears traces of Neolithic findings from the Bronze Age and Iron Age, Greek, Roman and medieval ages, as well as presenting relics of a Roman aqueduct, also said at the time of the Aqua Nymphalis, which served the old Tarentum.

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The City of Messapi and Primitivo

Manduria, "City of Messapi"and "Primitive", founded by Messapi, still bears many reminders of its ancient past, including the megalithic walls, surrounded by the remains of the moat that surrounded the city and the necropolis.

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The territory of Massafra has kept track of attendance from the Neolithic period.
The origin of the name is uncertain. Few hypotheses have been mentioned: mass-afrorum, nucleus of Africans left by Hannibal, Mass-fractio (fractured rock), Mass-fera (wild place), and Man-sapris (grotto of hermits).

The town of Mottola has outstanding historical, architectural and artistic heritage, represented by the numerous rock dwellings of the Middle Ages

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The name derives from the ancient Pulsano "healthy wrist" tournaments, that wealthy people and nobles organized on various occasions such as Christmas and Easter or during the harvest. Those summer tournaments still relive with parades in medieval clothes and tasting called "Ancient Flavors".

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The City of the Two Seas

Taranto, overlooking the Ionian Sea, is called the "city of two seas: the Mar Piccolo (Small Sea) and Mar Grande (Great Sea). The Mar Piccolo is separated from the Mar Grande by two peninsulas that close it to the gulf, both oriented toward an island which was the original core of the city, and connected to it through the bridge of Porta Napoli or Stone Bridge, and the Ponte Girevole.